Class X

Chapter : Gender Religion and Caste Answer the following questions Q. ‘Gender division is not based on biology but on social expectations and stereotypes.’ Support the statement. Answer: Gender division : It is a form of hierarchial social division. Generally, it is considered as natural and unchangeable. Actually it is based not on biology but on social expectations and stereotypes. Division in practice :  1 There is common belief that the main responsibility of women is housework and bringing up children as reflected in a sexual division of labour. 2 Men do the work such as cooking, tailoring if these jobs are paid for. For example most tailors or cooks in hotels are men. 3 Women too work outside their home. Poor women work as domestic servant in middle class homes while in urban area women work in offices along with men. It is done in addition their domestic work. But their work is not valued and does not get recognition. Results : 1 Although the population of women is half of t...

Chapter 2 Federalism Answer the following questions Q1. Define a.    Federalism - Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between central authority and various constituent units of the country. b.    Jurisdiction - The area over which someone has legal authority. The area may be defined in terms of geographical boundaries or in terms of certain kind of subjects. c.    Coalition Government – A government formed by the coming together of at least two political parties. Usually partners in a political alliance and adopt a common program.   Q2. What are the key features of Federalism? A2. The following are the key features of Federalism- 1.    There are 2 or more levels (or tiers) of government. 2.    Different tiers of government govern the same citizens but each tier has its own jurisdiction in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration. So the existence and authority of each tier of govern...

  Water Resources Q. What is water scarcity? Write the main reasons for water scarcity. Answer: Water scarcity means shortage of water. It is usually associated with regions having low rainfall or drought prone areas. There are many other reasons which lead to scarcity of water. These are: 1 Large growing population—means more water required for domestic use and also to produce more food. In the agricultural sector, water resources are being over-exploited to expand irrigated areas and dry-season agriculture. 2 More water required for irrigation purposes to facilitate higher food production, i.e., for doing multiple cropping and for HYV seeds. There is greater demand for water with growing urbanisation and industrialisation. 3 An unequal access to water among different social groups. 4 The quality of water is deteriorating, i.e., getting polluted by domestic and industrial wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in agriculture. 5 Excessive use of water by industries which ...